Test probe P100-M3
Test - lowercase jpg
Kaixin micro test
This circuit resembles a "capacitor three-point" oscillator, commonly used in high-frequency applications. The alternating current flows through the collector of the transistor. When metal is brought near, the coil generates a magnetic field that interacts with the metal, causing a change in the oscillation characteristics. This design uses an LC sine wave oscillator, specifically a capacitor three-point configuration, which can generate frequencies in the tens of megahertz range. The oscillation frequency is determined by the values of the inductor (L) and capacitors C2, C3, and C4. Capacitor C1 acts as an AC ground, allowing the circuit to resonate effectively on the inductor. In this schematic, only the detection portion is shown, without a full detection circuit. When the inductor (L) comes close to a metal object, the high-frequency voltage induced in the detecting coil is picked up by the oscillator and passed to the amplification stage. Finally, a speaker or indicator signals the presence of metal. The formula for the oscillation frequency is F = 1 / (2π√(LC)). In analyzing the transistor circuit, an AC equivalent method is often used. If the three terminals of the transistor are connected through capacitors in a ring-like configuration, it helps satisfy the conditions for oscillation. If the phase shift in the circuit exceeds 135 degrees, sustained oscillation can occur. At power-on, capacitors C1, C2, and C3 begin to charge. Since C1 has a larger capacitance, it establishes a voltage quickly. Once the voltage reaches a certain threshold, the transistor turns on, causing the voltage across C3 to drop and C4 to rise. This causes the transistor to turn off, and C1 begins charging again. During this process, current flows through the inductor and the coil, recharging C3. Meanwhile, C4 discharges through parallel resistors, gradually reducing the voltage at the emitter. As the voltage on C1 increases and the transistor becomes forward-biased, it turns on again, restarting the cycle. This continuous loop creates stable oscillations, making the circuit effective for metal detection applications.
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