In today's world, major energy sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas are facing the danger of depletion of resources. At the same time, environmental protection pressures are also increasing. Therefore, environmental protection and energy conservation have become the goals pursued by all walks of life in the world. Solar energy is a clean green energy source. Semiconductor light-emitting diodes ( LEDs ) are also environmentally friendly, energy-saving and efficient solid-state electric light sources.
In the past hundred years, lighting sources have experienced three important stages: incandescent, fluorescent, and HID. Among them, the incandescent lamp is the first generation light source, the fluorescent lamp is the second generation light source, and the high intensity gas discharge lamp is the third generation light source (HID). LED light sources with broad development prospects in the lighting industry are now called fourth-generation light sources. As a novel semiconductor light source, LED has the characteristics of long life, high luminous efficiency, low power consumption, short starting time and firm structure. 
1. The principle of solar photovoltaic power generation:
Solar photovoltaic power generation relies on solar cell components, utilizing the electronic properties of semiconductor materials. When sunlight is applied to the semiconductor PN junction, a strong built-in electrostatic field is generated due to the P-N junction barrier region, thus creating a barrier. Non-equilibrium electrons and holes in the region or non-equilibrium electrons and holes generated outside the barrier region but diffused into the barrier region, under the action of the built-in electrostatic field, each move in the opposite direction and leave the barrier region. As a result, the potential of the P region is raised, and the potential of the N region is lowered, thereby generating voltage and current in the external circuit, and converting the light energy into electrical energy. Solar photovoltaic power generation systems can be broadly divided into two categories. One is a grid-connected power generation system, that is, connected to a utility grid through a standard interface, like a small power plant; the other is a stand-alone power generation system, that is, in its own A circuit is formed inside the closed circuit system. The grid-connected power generation system converts the received solar radiation energy into high-voltage direct current through high-frequency direct current conversion through the photovoltaic array. After inverter inverter, it outputs the same frequency and same-phase sinusoidal alternating current to the grid. The PV array of the independent power generation system first converts the received solar radiation energy into a power supply load directly, and stores the excess energy into the battery in the form of chemical energy after passing through the charge controller.
2. Advantages of LED lighting:
In addition to the advantages of long service life, high luminous efficiency, small size, light weight, environmental protection, safety and reliability, LED semiconductor lighting source has a significant advantage. Because the LED starting voltage and working voltage are the same, ballasts are not needed. . This saves the cost and energy consumption, and also greatly reduces the response time of power on and off. The response time of solar cells is quite long.
3. Combination of solar energy and LED lighting
The key to the perfect combination of solar photovoltaic technology with LED lighting is that both are DC, low voltage and can match each other. Therefore, the combination of the two does not need to convert the direct current generated by the solar cell into alternating current, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the entire lighting system. At the same time, with the help of grid-connected technology or the use of batteries to charge and discharge energy, its advantages are more obvious. With the in-depth study of related technologies, the luminous efficiency of LEDs is constantly improving, and ultra-high-brightness LEDs will be available, which will inevitably replace ordinary lighting electric light sources, and save a lot of energy and no pollution.
The ultra-high brightness LED is believed to be the mainstream of the future, and it can also drive the lighting fixtures to change, and with wind and solar energy, it will be a new indicator of sustainable concept. This new model has already been included in China, Europe and Japan in test applications, and the pace of large-scale commercialization is accelerating.
Since the operating current of the LED is DC, the operating voltage is low. Solar cells convert light energy into DC power, and solar cells can be combined in series and parallel to get the voltage actually needed. These features just match the LEDs. The combination of the two will achieve high energy efficiency, high safety performance and reliability, and achieve a perfect combination of energy-saving, environmentally friendly, safe and efficient lighting systems. (small soup)
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