Germany develops medical robot arm to easily solve the problem of tumor biopsy
Usually, when the ultrasound scan reveals a shadow in the liver, it is suspected of having a tumor, and then a biopsy is performed to confirm. The doctor will use a long probe to sample from the suspected tissue and test it in the laboratory, but it is not an easy task to accurately position and guide the Needle. The medical and biotechnology automation project team at the Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology and Automation and the Institute of Medical Image Computing in Germany has used robots to skillfully break through this problem, and it is expected to be automated by robotic arms in the future.
On the one hand, the doctor has to make sure that the sample taken is a tumor, not a part of the healthy tissue that is only a few microns apart; on the other hand, the needle does not injure other organs such as veins, nerves and lungs. In addition, the probe can not be worn when encountering skeletal structures such as ribs.
With the robot arm, the doctor can accurately insert the needle and the entire positioning process is shortened from the original 30 minutes to a maximum of 5 minutes. The technology was presented at the International Medical Devices and Equipment Exhibition (MEDICA) in Düsseldorf on November 17, 2016.
In order to see the location of the tumor, a computed tomography (CT) scan is performed to determine the insertion site and path of the sample needle. After analyzing, calibrating and simulating a set of software developed by CT image and MEVIS, the robot arm can determine the introduction path of the sampling needle, and then guide the doctor to gradually complete the sampling, which complements the precision of the robot and the expert experience.
The technique is equally applicable to tumor treatment processes using similar means, such as the use of probes to conduct heat, cold, or high-energy radiation into diseased tissue, destroying the tumor.
In addition, to ensure that the path of the needle is consistent with the design, the doctor also needs to use X-ray images to monitor the sampling process. Because the whole process is guided by the robot arm, it not only avoids the doctor's hand to block the imaging, but also reduces the radiation damage to the doctor's hand. At the same time, accurate sampling of the patient's radiation is also reduced.
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