Since the invention of high-brightness LEDs (light-emitting diodes) in the last century, after more than ten years of efforts, it has reached the stage of functional lighting and gradually entered the field of general lighting. It has formed a relatively complete industrial chain and has been adopted by countries and related large group companies. Pay attention to it. China has also kept up with the forefront of the world's science and technology field and accelerated LED R&D and industrialization.
Industry status
High-brightness LEDs grow fast
In recent years, the output of LED devices and chips has grown rapidly, especially for high-brightness LED chips and devices. According to the statistics and measurement of the Optoelectronic Devices Branch of China Optical Optoelectronics Industry Association, there are currently more than 2,000 LED companies in the country, including more than 40 research and production units engaged in epitaxial growth and chip manufacturing, and about 600 device packaging companies. There are about 100 packaging companies of a certain scale, and there are more than 1,700 application products and supporting enterprises. From raw materials, epitaxial growth, chip manufacturing, device packaging, application products and supporting equipment to equipment, China has formed a relatively complete industrial chain.
Epitaxy, chip technology breakthrough
The core technology of LED is the epitaxial growth of high-brightness LED and chip manufacturing technology. In recent years, the government and related research institutions have attached great importance to the development of LED core technology, and invested a lot of money and manpower to study. The main research institutions are Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nanchang. University, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 13th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group. In epitaxial growth, chip fabrication, such as epitaxial growth of GaN materials on different substrates (Al2O3, Si, SiC, AlN), patterned substrate epitaxy, non-polar or semi-polar epitaxy, substrate transfer, Laser stripping, eutectic soldering, ITO electrodes, surface roughening, and photonic crystals have improved research on internal quantum efficiency and external quantum efficiency, and have developed AlGaN deep ultraviolet (260 nm to 400 nm) light-emitting diodes. A 1W LED blue chip was developed, and the luminous efficiency of white LED was over 80lm/W, and a quaternary AlGaInP red power LED device was developed with a luminous efficiency of about 40lm/W. Nanchang University has developed a GaN with a proprietary intellectual property right on a silicon substrate, and made blue and green LED chips, which are now industrialized.
The main domestic LED epitaxial growth and chip manufacturing companies are Xiamen Sanan, Dalian Lumei, Shanghai Blu-ray, Shanghai Lanbao, Shandong Huaguang, Hangzhou Shilan Mingxin, Jiangxi Jingneng Optoelectronics, Hebei Tonghui, Shenyang Fangda, Xiamen Dry Photo, Jiangxi Lianchuang, Nanchang Xinlei, Shanghai Dachen, Shanghai Yuti, Shenzhen Century Jingyuan, Shenzhen Orende, Yangzhou Huaxia Integration, Langfang Qingxin, Gansu Xintiandian, Wuhan Diyuan, Xi'an Zhongwei, Guangzhou Puguang, Dongguan Fudi, and foreign companies such as Wuhan Huacan, Xiamen Jingyu, Xiamen Mingda and Jinjiang Jinglan, etc., have done a lot of work in chip structure and process improvement, improving product performance, yield, and process repetition. Sexuality, improved resistance to light decay and reliability have achieved great results. In 2008, there were more than 30 billion high-brightness LED chips, including 8 billion to 10 billion blue and green chips. In 2007, the domestic production of high-brightness chips exceeded 21 billion, with a growth rate of 75%, of which blue and green chips were about 6.5 billion, with a growth rate of 62.5%.
LED packaging companies are small in size
The characteristics of domestic LED packaging enterprises are that there are a large number of filial piety, ranging from 500 to 600, with a certain scale, and about 100 enterprises with sales of more than 10 million yuan. The main packaging enterprises are Xiamen Hualian, Foshan Guoxing, Jiangsu Wenrun. Guangzhou Hongli, Ningbo Shengpu, Jiangxi Lianchuang, Tianjin Tianxing, Langfang Xingu, Shenzhen Ruifeng, Shenzhen Lehman, Shenzhen Guangquan, Zhuhai Lifeng, etc. A wide range of packageable devices, including single-tube, composite tube, pixel tube, digital display, various backlights, SMD-LED, micro LED, matrix display, dedicated display, white LED, power LED and high-power LED module, etc. A powerful packaging company invests in a large R&D force and has achieved good results in improving the package structure, improving heat dissipation performance, improving light extraction efficiency, and improving light resistance and reliability. Now 1WLED can be packaged in batches with a luminous efficiency of 100lm/W and a thermal resistance of 10°C/W. The 13th Research Institute of China Light and Power Technology Group has developed high-power LED packaging products with independent property rights. In addition, it has developed a new product with vertical structure and no-weld-power LED packaging with independent property rights, which has contributed to the power LED packaging industry.
The supporting ability of domestic LED packaging materials and accessories is very strong. Except for some materials, most of the materials are provided domestically, mainly including gold wire, silicon aluminum wire, epoxy resin, silica gel, silver glue, conductive rubber and bracket. Strips, plastic parts, packaging molds and fixtures have formed a certain scale, and enterprises are mainly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta and Ningbo. In addition, phosphors for white LEDs are also being researched and produced by more than a dozen companies in China. They have been widely used in white LED packaging. Dalian Luming has developed silicate phosphors with independent intellectual property rights. In addition, it has also developed The blue light-emitting red and green light-emitting phosphors with independent intellectual property rights can form white LEDs from RGB three primary colors, which is very effective and contributes to white LED packaging.
Standard and inspection platform construction is progressing fast
In recent years, China has made great progress in formulating semiconductor lighting technology standards. The National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R&D and Industry Alliance Standard Coordination Group has been effective in coordinating standards development and collecting semiconductor lighting technology standards. Relevant associations in China also actively participate in the international relevant standardization organizations CIE and IEC, participate in the formulation of professional standards, and communicate with relevant standards organizations such as the United States and Japan. With the continuous development of LED technology, application products continue to mature, and relevant standards will continue to be introduced.
In terms of promoting the construction of semiconductor lighting inspection platforms, great progress has also been made. The testing institutions in Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Shanghai and Xiamen, which have a good foundation, are further expanding, and the testing projects and contents are constantly improving. The construction of the Shanghai and Xiamen testing platforms supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology has begun to take shape, providing testing services for semiconductor lighting products. In order to promote the development of the semiconductor lighting industry to provide a better public testing platform, it should further carry out sample testing and calibration with relevant international testing institutions. In addition, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine agreed to Xiamen National Product Quality Inspection Institute to establish a national semiconductor light-emitting device (LED) application product quality supervision and inspection center, and invest another 50 million yuan on the original construction, which will be completed in November 2009. acceptance.
Domestic LED industry investment increased
In recent years, China has increased its investment in the LED industry mainly in two aspects. First, the state and local governments have supported the development of the semiconductor industry. Relevant government departments have increased capital investment to support the research and development of the semiconductor lighting industry, such as the funds for the basic research projects invested by the Ministry of Education, the research and development project funds invested by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the R&D funds invested by the Ministry of Science and Technology in the 863 project. Many Shengshi also invested in various forms to develop the semiconductor lighting industry. More than a dozen cities have developed the semiconductor lighting industry as a key industry in the region. Second, enterprises will increase capital and expand production and build new enterprises. Domestic related enterprise groups and private capital have actively invested in the semiconductor lighting industry in recent years. Some people estimate that the investment amount exceeds 10 billion yuan. In the past, domestic LED pre-process companies have purchased 40 to 50 sets of MOCVD equipment and hundreds of sets of chip manufacturing equipment in recent years to expand their production capacity. The five largest LED packaging companies in China have invested in new plants in the past two years, and have moved into new plants, increasing capital to purchase automated packaging equipment and expanding production capacity. In addition, due to the increase in investment by various parties, many new businesses have been added in the past two years.
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