Voltage regulator classification
1. The alternator voltage regulator can be divided into: according to the working principle:
(1) Contact voltage regulator
Contact type voltage regulator is applied earlier, this regulator contact vibration frequency is slow, there is mechanical inertia and electromagnetic inertia, voltage regulation accuracy is low, contacts are easy to generate sparks, large radio interference, poor reliability, short life, now Has been eliminated.
(2) Transistor regulator
With the development of semiconductor technology, transistor regulators have been adopted. The utility model has the advantages that the triode has high switching frequency, does not generate sparks, has high adjustment precision, and has the advantages of light weight, small volume, long life, high reliability, small radio wave interference, etc., and is widely used in Dongfeng, liberation and various kinds. Medium and low-end models.
(3) Integrated circuit regulator
In addition to the advantages of the transistor regulator, the integrated circuit regulator has an ultra-small size and is installed inside the generator (also known as a built-in regulator), which reduces the external wiring and improves the cooling effect. It is now widely used in Santana. . Audi and other car models.
(4) Computer Control Regulator
The computer-controlled regulator is a new type of regulator used in cars. After the total load of the system is measured by the electric load detector, the signal is sent to the generator computer, and then the generator voltage regulator is controlled by the engine computer to turn on and off at the appropriate time. The open magnetic field circuit can reliably ensure the normal operation of the electrical system, make the battery fully charged, reduce the engine load and improve fuel economy. Such regulators are used on car generators such as Haibeike and Guangzhou Honda.
2. The electronic regulator can be divided into the following types of alternator grounding:
(1) Inner iron type regulator: an electronic regulator suitable for matching with an internal grounding type alternator is called an inner ground type regulator;
(2) Outer iron type regulator: An electronic regulator suitable for matching with an external iron type alternator is called an external iron type regulator.
In the process of use, for the transistor regulator, it is best to use the regulator specified in the car manual. If other models are used instead, the specified regulator and the original regulator must be the same as the original regulator. The grounding form is the same. Otherwise, the generator may not work properly due to the excitation circuit being blocked. For integrated circuit regulators, they must be dedicated and cannot be replaced.
Voltage regulator principle
According to the working principle of the alternator, we know the effective value of the phase electromotive force generated by the three-phase winding of the alternator.
Eφ==CeФn(V)
Here, Ce is the structural constant of the diesel generator, n is the rotor speed, and Ф is the magnetic flux of the rotor, that is, the induced electromotive force generated by the alternator is proportional to the rotor speed and the magnetic flux.
When the rotation speed increases, Eφ increases, and the output terminal voltage UB rises. When the rotation speed rises to a certain value (above the no-load speed), the output terminal voltage reaches the limit, so that the output voltage UB of the generator does not follow The increase in the rotational speed rises only by reducing the magnetic flux Ф. In addition, the magnetic flux Ф is proportional to the excitation current If, and the magnetic flux Ф is reduced, that is, the excitation current If is reduced.
Therefore, the working principle of the alternator regulator is: when the rotational speed of the alternator is increased, the regulator reduces the magnetic flux 通过 by reducing the excitation current If of the generator, so that the output voltage UB of the generator remains unchanged. .
The contact type voltage regulator changes the magnetic field current If by opening and closing the contact, turning on and off the magnetic field circuit; the transistor regulator, the integrated circuit regulator, etc. use the turn-on and turn-off of the high-power transistor, turn on and off Open the magnetic field circuit to change the magnitude of the magnetic field current If.
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